Project publication · Software: Practice and Experience
Summary
The article reviews ns-3-based simulation frameworks for LEO constellations, comparing the capabilities, limitations and maturity of the available tools.

Main contribution
The review organizes the state of the art in simulators for low-Earth-orbit satellite networks and helps identify which aspects are well covered and which require further development.
Resultados y alcance
La comparación revela diferencias sustanciales entre los marcos ns-3 en movilidad orbital, encaminamiento, handover, generación de topologías y mantenimiento. Ninguna herramienta cubre por completo todos los requisitos, por lo que la revisión ofrece una guía de selección y señala carencias de validación y reproducibilidad.
Link with BoND1
BoND1 needs reliable tools to evaluate non-cellular connectivity in terrestrial and space scenarios. This review supports the selection of simulation platforms and guides future extensions for studying LEO networks with greater realism.
Project publication · Software: Practice and Experience
Summary
The article reviews ns-3-based simulation frameworks for LEO constellations, comparing capabilities, limitations, and maturity of available tools.

Bibliometric indicators
- JCR area
- Computer Science, Software Engineering
- JCR year
- 2025
- Scholar query
- 26 October 2026
Main contribution
The review organizes the state of the art of simulators for low-orbit satellite networks and helps identify which aspects are well covered and which require additional development.
Results and scope
The comparison reveals substantial differences between the ns-3 frameworks in orbital mobility, routing, handover, topology generation, and maintenance. No tool completely covers all requirements, so the review provides a selection guide and points out gaps in validation and reproducibility.
Link with BoND1
BoND1 needs reliable tools to evaluate non-cellular connectivity in terrestrial and space scenarios. This review supports the selection of simulation platforms and guides future extensions to study LEO networks with greater realism.

